[Flight] Add approximate parent context for FormatContext (#34601)

Flight doesn't have any semantically sound notion of a parent context.
That's why we removed Server Context. Each root can really start
anywhere in the tree when you refetch subtrees. Additionally when you
dedupe elements they can end up in multiple different parent contexts.

However, we do have a DEV only version of this with debugTask being
tracked for the nearest parent element to track the context of
properties inside of it.

To apply certain DOM specific hints and optimizations when you render
host components we need some information of the context. This is usually
very local so doesn't suffer from the likelihood that you refetch in the
middle. We'll also only use this information for optimistic hints and
not hard semantics so getting it wrong isn't terrible.

```
<picture>
  <img />
</picture>
<noscript>
  <p>
    <img />
  </p>
</noscript>
```

For example, in these cases we should exclude preloading the image but
we have to know if that's the scope we're in.

We can easily get this wrong if they're split or even if they're wrapped
in client components that we don't know about like:

```
<NoScript>
  <p>
    <img />
  </p>
</NoScript>
```

However, getting it wrong in either direction is not the end of the
world. It's about covering the common cases well.

packages/react-dom-bindings/src/server/ReactFlightServerConfigDOM.js

@@ -61,3 +61,17 @@ export type Hints = Set<string>;
 export function createHints(): Hints {
   return new Set();
 }
+
+export opaque type FormatContext = null;
+
+export function createRootFormatContext(): FormatContext {
+  return null;
+}
+
+export function getChildFormatContext(
+  parentContext: FormatContext,
+  type: string,
+  props: Object,
+): FormatContext {
+  return parentContext;
+}

packages/react-server/src/ReactFlightServer.js

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ import type {
   Hints,
   HintCode,
   HintModel,
+  FormatContext,
 } from './ReactFlightServerConfig';
 import type {ThenableState} from './ReactFlightThenable';
 import type {
@@ -88,6 +89,8 @@ import {
   supportsRequestStorage,
   requestStorage,
   createHints,
+  createRootFormatContext,
+  getChildFormatContext,
   initAsyncDebugInfo,
   markAsyncSequenceRootTask,
   getCurrentAsyncSequence,
@@ -525,6 +528,7 @@ type Task = {
   toJSON: (key: string, value: ReactClientValue) => ReactJSONValue,
   keyPath: null | string, // parent server component keys
   implicitSlot: boolean, // true if the root server component of this sequence had a null key
+  formatContext: FormatContext, // an approximate parent context from host components
   thenableState: ThenableState | null,
   timed: boolean, // Profiling-only. Whether we need to track the completion time of this task.
   time: number, // Profiling-only. The last time stamp emitted for this task.
@@ -758,6 +762,7 @@ function RequestInstance(
     model,
     null,
     false,
+    createRootFormatContext(),
     abortSet,
     timeOrigin,
     null,
@@ -980,6 +985,7 @@ function serializeThenable(
     (thenable: any), // will be replaced by the value before we retry. used for debug info.
     task.keyPath, // the server component sequence continues through Promise-as-a-child.
     task.implicitSlot,
+    task.formatContext,
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -1102,6 +1108,7 @@ function serializeReadableStream(
     task.model,
     task.keyPath,
     task.implicitSlot,
+    task.formatContext,
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -1197,6 +1204,7 @@ function serializeAsyncIterable(
     task.model,
     task.keyPath,
     task.implicitSlot,
+    task.formatContext,
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -2028,6 +2036,7 @@ function deferTask(request: Request, task: Task): ReactJSONValue {
     task.model, // the currently rendering element
     task.keyPath, // unlike outlineModel this one carries along context
     task.implicitSlot,
+    task.formatContext,
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -2048,6 +2057,7 @@ function outlineTask(request: Request, task: Task): ReactJSONValue {
     task.model, // the currently rendering element
     task.keyPath, // unlike outlineModel this one carries along context
     task.implicitSlot,
+    task.formatContext,
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -2214,6 +2224,22 @@ function renderElement(
         }
       }
     }
+  } else if (typeof type === 'string') {
+    const parentFormatContext = task.formatContext;
+    const newFormatContext = getChildFormatContext(
+      parentFormatContext,
+      type,
+      props,
+    );
+    if (parentFormatContext !== newFormatContext && props.children != null) {
+      // We've entered a new context. We need to create another Task which has
+      // the new context set up since it's not safe to push/pop in the middle of
+      // a tree. Additionally this means that any deduping within this tree now
+      // assumes the new context even if it's reused outside in a different context.
+      // We'll rely on this to dedupe the value later as we discover it again
+      // inside the returned element's tree.
+      outlineModelWithFormatContext(request, props.children, newFormatContext);
+    }
   }
   // For anything else, try it on the client instead.
   // We don't know if the client will support it or not. This might error on the
@@ -2530,6 +2556,7 @@ function createTask(
   model: ReactClientValue,
   keyPath: null | string,
   implicitSlot: boolean,
+  formatContext: FormatContext,
   abortSet: Set<Task>,
   lastTimestamp: number, // Profiling-only
   debugOwner: null | ReactComponentInfo, // DEV-only
@@ -2554,6 +2581,7 @@ function createTask(
     model,
     keyPath,
     implicitSlot,
+    formatContext: formatContext,
     ping: () => pingTask(request, task),
     toJSON: function (
       this:
@@ -2819,11 +2847,26 @@ function serializeDebugClientReference(
 }
 
 function outlineModel(request: Request, value: ReactClientValue): number {
+  return outlineModelWithFormatContext(
+    request,
+    value,
+    // For deduped values we don't know which context it will be reused in
+    // so we have to assume that it's the root context.
+    createRootFormatContext(),
+  );
+}
+
+function outlineModelWithFormatContext(
+  request: Request,
+  value: ReactClientValue,
+  formatContext: FormatContext,
+): number {
   const newTask = createTask(
     request,
     value,
     null, // The way we use outlining is for reusing an object.
     false, // It makes no sense for that use case to be contextual.
+    formatContext, // Except for FormatContext we optimistically use it.
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -3071,6 +3114,7 @@ function serializeBlob(request: Request, blob: Blob): string {
     model,
     null,
     false,
+    createRootFormatContext(),
     request.abortableTasks,
     enableProfilerTimer &&
       (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)
@@ -3208,6 +3252,7 @@ function renderModel(
           task.model,
           task.keyPath,
           task.implicitSlot,
+          task.formatContext,
           request.abortableTasks,
           enableProfilerTimer &&
             (enableComponentPerformanceTrack || enableAsyncDebugInfo)

packages/react-server/src/forks/ReactFlightServerConfig.custom.js

@@ -32,3 +32,17 @@ export const componentStorage: AsyncLocalStorage<ReactComponentInfo | void> =
 export function createHints(): any {
   return null;
 }
+
+export type FormatContext = null;
+
+export function createRootFormatContext(): FormatContext {
+  return null;
+}
+
+export function getChildFormatContext(
+  parentContext: FormatContext,
+  type: string,
+  props: Object,
+): FormatContext {
+  return parentContext;
+}

packages/react-server/src/forks/ReactFlightServerConfig.dom-legacy.js

@@ -32,3 +32,17 @@ export const componentStorage: AsyncLocalStorage<ReactComponentInfo | void> =
 export function createHints(): any {
   return null;
 }
+
+export type FormatContext = null;
+
+export function createRootFormatContext(): FormatContext {
+  return null;
+}
+
+export function getChildFormatContext(
+  parentContext: FormatContext,
+  type: string,
+  props: Object,
+): FormatContext {
+  return parentContext;
+}

packages/react-server/src/forks/ReactFlightServerConfig.markup.js

@@ -19,6 +19,20 @@ export function createHints(): Hints {
   return null;
 }
 
+export type FormatContext = null;
+
+export function createRootFormatContext(): FormatContext {
+  return null;
+}
+
+export function getChildFormatContext(
+  parentContext: FormatContext,
+  type: string,
+  props: Object,
+): FormatContext {
+  return parentContext;
+}
+
 export const supportsRequestStorage = false;
 export const requestStorage: AsyncLocalStorage<Request | void> = (null: any);